Pope Clement XI

Giovanni Francesco Albani was born on the 23rd of March, 1649. Unbekn ingestst to completely at the eon, this earthly concern would rise to become unmatched of the al about omnipotent g all told overnmental and spiritual leaders of his magazine. In fact, even humanness powers would conduct to his authority, although his reign as pope would mark the beginning of the dilapidate of papal power. Albani, leatr to be known as pope meek XI, was born in the town of Urbino, Italy. His family was a terrific family that include senators and prefects. Albani received extensive education in his primarily centenarian age, and was displace to finish his studies at the Roman College at eleven years old. First known as an author at bandage eighteen, Albani was soon noniced by Queen Christina of Sweden, who enrolled him in her Royal Academia. He majored in theology and law, and was granted the cognomen of doctor of enactment and civil law. A firm hotshot of strong morals, Albani gained party favour with the Catholic church, and was appointed cardinal-deacon at the age of twenty- wizard and primate of Rieti at the age of twenty-eight. Due to his righteousness in leading, Albani was rec entirelyed to capital of Italy and given the position of Vicar of St. Peter?s, and then subsequent promoted to secretary of Papal Briefs. As this job requisite an extensive noesis of Latin, Albani held this position for more than thirteen ears. In 1700, a disaster occurred when the current pope, pope Innocent XII, died. The church?s accredited nominee, Cardinal Mariscotti, was rejected by France, afterwards which Cardinal Albani was nemine contradicente elected to the prestigious post. Albani was only li years old at the time; very vernal for a pope. At first, Albani was reluctant to receive this position, and for three eld efforts were made to lead him that it was best for the Church. Finally, Albani decided to follow the deal out of God, and on the 8th of December, 1700, was enthroned in the ! Vatican as Pope kind-hearted XI. Pope round the bend XI accomplished many bulky achievements during his lifetime. Unlike many corrupt popes before him, he did non bestow clerical offices upon anyone unless he deemed them worthy and capable enough for the role. He did not tolerate corruption in those he had authority over, and worked slightly constantly in an attempt to part the Church and the world that it affected. He improved conditions of prisons, do up charities for the poor, and provided food for the creation in times of notecity. He excessively gained the respect of artists and scientists by prohibiting the exportation of ancient masterpieces, and by substituteing a salient scientist and historian of the time, Francesco Bianchini. He was the first to rig out the Church in the Philippines, as well as direct missionaries all over the world. He added to the Vatican Library at his own expense, donating manuscripts collect by Joseph Assemani in his journeys thro ugh Egypt and Syria. He regularized the synchronising of time by ordering that all clocks in capital of Italy be matched to a sundial. He slept little and ate less, and constantly dedicated his entire attention to any childbed set before him until completed. Unfortunately, this exceptional pope was appointed during a time of international greed and unbelief. France and the Austrian Empire, both vying for the ecological ecological succession to the Spanish throne, brought about his first troubles. Charles II, the latest Spanish index, had died childless, designating in his will that Phillip of Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV of France, should receive the throne. However, both Austrian emperor stillterfly Leopold and Archduke Charles of Spain resented this succession. Pope benignant XI elected to await neutral during the following contest, but that proved impossible. At first, he hesitantly recognized Phillip V as king of Spain, but when Leopold?s successor, Joseph I, invaded the Papal States, the pope was forced to recognize A! rchduke Charles as the sensitive Spanish king. From this point onward, Pope sympathetic XI was held almost in contempt by the majority of European leaders. The quiet of Utrecht, an exceedingly important peace treaty amongst several(prenominal) European powers, was conducted without regards to the rights of the pope and the Catholic Church. The new Spanish king likewise excluded practically any papal authority over the church in Sicily. Pope kind-hearted XI gauge to counteract this with an interdict, but the king then banished 3000 clergy who still support the pope. The pope similarly had to provide for these unfortunate clergy. Pope balmy XI?s two largest religious disagreements occurred with the Chinese Christians and subsequent with the Jansenists. He opposed all ancestor worship in China, despite the fact that much of it was done for cultural traditions forward than actual worship. As a result, the missionaries were rejected in China, and the missionary movement to that country was practically killed off. His last disagreement was with Jansenism, a reformation of Catholicism similar to Calvinism. The schism widened until the pope issued his most famous bull, Unigenitus, condemning 101 Jansenistic propositions. However, this bull caused another complexify in the Catholic Church as several cardinals refused to depute it. Although Pope Clement XI is most known for scar the beginning of the loss of papal power, this great man also accomplished many great things during his lifetime and at one time was one of most powerful men in the world. But perhaps the most important accomplishment he achieved was a legacy of a godly man, who used all of his resources to serve his God and his world. On March 19th, 1721, Pope Clement XI was finally laid to rest. Bibliography:- ?Pope Clement XI,? uprise Advent, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04029a.htm (May 30, 2008). - ?Pope Clement XI,? NNDB, http://www.nndb.com/people/214/000094929/ (May 30, 2008). - ? nemesis of the errors of Paschasius Quesnel,? Papal E! ncyclicals Online, http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Clem11/c11unige.htm (May 30, 2008). - ?Clement XI,? Answers.com, http://www.answers.com/topic/pope-clement-xi (May 30, 2008). - ?Pope Clement XI,? Catholic Forum, http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/pope0243.htm (May 30, 2008). - ?Pope Clement XI: Leading Catholicism 1700-1721,? Suite101.com, http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/catholic_christianity/21137 (May 30, 2008). - ?Pope Clement XI and Bible Reading by the Laity,? Bible Light, http://biblelight.net/Bible-Clement-XI.htm (May 30, 2008). If you regard to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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